Which type of evaluation is based on assessing how well a program meets its goals or objectives through summative assessment?

The correct answer is goals-based evaluation because this type of evaluation focuses specifically on determining whether a program has achieved its stated goals or objectives. In a goals-based evaluation, the success of the program is measured against predefined criteria that represent what the program aimed to accomplish.

This approach uses summative assessment methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of how effectively the program performed in reaching its targets. By linking the evaluation directly to the original aims, it offers structured feedback that can guide future planning and improvements.

Other evaluation types, while useful in their own contexts, do not specifically emphasize the direct measurement of goal attainment in the same way. For example, formative evaluation is more focused on ongoing feedback during program implementation to improve and refine processes rather than verifying if goals are met. Process-based evaluation examines the methods and procedures used in delivering the program, and outcomes-based evaluation measures the broader impacts or long-term results of a program rather than its alignment with specific goals.