Which research methods use numeric or statistical analysis criteria?

The correct answer is quantitative research methods. Quantitative research is characterized by the collection and analysis of numerical data, which allows for statistical analysis to be performed. This approach focuses on quantifying relationships, behaviors, or phenomena, enabling researchers to identify patterns, test theories, and make generalizations based on statistical evidence.

In contrast, qualitative methods, while valuable for exploring complex issues deeply, rely on non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and open-ended survey responses. Experimental methods, although they may involve numeric data, focus more on establishing cause-and-effect relationships through controlled conditions rather than solely on statistical analysis. Case studies provide in-depth insight into specific instances or contexts, but they too do not primarily focus on numerical data or statistical analysis. Quantitative methods stand out for their use of numerical data to support findings and validate hypotheses rigorously.