Which regulation protects the confidentiality of student test records?

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is the regulation that specifically protects the confidentiality of student test records and educational records. FERPA grants students certain rights regarding their education records, including the right to access their records, the right to seek to have records amended, and the right to have some control over the disclosure of personally identifiable information from those records.

Under FERPA, educational institutions must maintain the privacy of student records and can only disclose them under certain conditions, such as obtaining written consent from the student. This law ensures that sensitive information, such as test scores and evaluations, is kept confidential and is not released without proper authorization.

The other options do not focus specifically on the confidentiality of student records. The Family Leave Act primarily addresses job-protected leave for employees, the Student Privacy Protection Act may relate to general privacy concerns but does not carry the same legal authority as FERPA, and the Higher Education Opportunity Act deals more broadly with higher education structure and funding rather than the privacy of student test records specifically. Thus, FERPA is the correct answer as it is the cornerstone legislation for protecting student information in educational contexts.