Which evaluation approach primarily focuses on measuring learning at the end of a program?

The evaluation approach that focuses on measuring learning at the end of a program is summative evaluation. This method is used to assess the effectiveness and outcomes of a program after it is completed. It typically involves evaluating student performance through tests, assessments, or projects designed to determine what participants have learned and how well they have met the program's objectives.

Summative evaluations provide a comprehensive view of the overall success of the instructional program and help stakeholders understand the extent of learning that has taken place. This approach is essential for making informed decisions about the program's future, such as whether to continue, revise, or discontinue it based on the outcomes observed.

In contrast, diagnostic evaluations are used before a program begins to assess learners' existing knowledge or skills. Formative evaluations occur during the program and provide ongoing feedback to improve teaching and learning as it progresses. Process-oriented evaluations look at how the training is conducted and the methods used throughout the program, rather than focusing solely on the results at the end.