What question must test developers ask to decide if a test should be criterion- or norm-referenced?

The correct answer is focused on the intent behind the test's use in evaluating performance relative to established standards. When deciding whether to create a criterion-referenced test, test developers consider whether the primary goal is to measure an individual's skills or knowledge against a specific set of predetermined criteria or minimum standards. Criterion-referenced tests are designed to determine whether each test taker has achieved specific learning outcomes, which is essential for performance assessment in fields such as firefighting and emergency services.

In this context, when a test is aimed at ensuring that individuals meet certain expected benchmarks or competencies—such as those required for safety or operational effectiveness—it underscores the need for criterion-referencing. This helps stakeholders understand whether participants have the requisite skills to perform a job role effectively, rather than simply comparing participants to one another.

Understanding whether the test is geared towards assessing competencies against set standards allows developers to shape the test appropriately, ensuring that it meets its intended purpose, which is critical for certifications or qualifications in professional fields.